No Data Found
Aquilaria malaccensis
Gaharu
| Species Name | Aquilaria malaccensis |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Gaharu |
| Family | Hymelaeaceae |
| Genus | Aquilaria |
| Taxonomic Synonyms/Past Names | |
| Taxonomic Notes |
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Species Information
1. Description
- Tree growing up to 40 m tall. Trunk smooth with a peeling dark to pale grey outer bark and cream-white inner bark. Crown irregular, and leaves alternate and stalked. Leaf blades 6-12 by 1.9-5.5 cm, thin, leathery, oval-oblong to lance-oblong, and with fine, parallel veinlets and long tips. Flowers 5-6 mm long, green or dirty-yellow, fragrant, and found in shortly-stalked 2.5 cm-long clusters of up to 10. Fruits 2.5-4 by 2.5 cm, green, egg-shaped, flattened, and rather woody.
2. Tree Size
Large (>15 m)
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Small (4-10 m) (0)
Medium (10-15 m) (0)
Large (>15 m) (1)
Unknown (0)
3. Full Distribution
- East Asia: Northeast India through Myanmar, Malaysia to Indonesia and the Philippines
4. Habitat and Ecology
- An upper canopy tree. Commonly found scattered in dense primary forests and the more open, secondary formations, mainly in plains, but also on hillsides and ridges up to 750 m. Mostly found by rivers, streams and on ridges with sandy soils.
5. Altitude (in meters)
- Up to 270 m
6. Landscape Type
Blue-green Corridors
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Urban Streets (0)
Blue-green Corridors (1)
Small Urban Green Spaces (0)
Coastal Fronts (0)
Unknown (0)
7. IUCN Conservation Status
Critically Endangered
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Not Evaluated (0)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (0)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (1)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
8. Malaysian Red List from MyBIS
Critically Endangered
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Not Evaluated (0)
Not Applicable (0)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (0)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (1)
Regionally Extinct (0)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
9. Are more than 100 individuals available in local nurseries?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
10. How would you characterise the growth rate of this species?
Slow
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Fast (0)
Medium (0)
Slow (1)
Unknown (0)
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11. Does this species have an invasive root system?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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12. Is this species damaging or does it have staining resin or sap?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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13. Does this species produce large and/or staining fruits?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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14. Does this species produce substances in its bark, leaves, fruits and/or seeds that are poisonous or harmful to humans?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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15. Does this species have specific lighting requirements?
Full sun
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Full sun (1)
Partial sun & shade (0)
Full shade (0)
Partial shade (0)
Unknown (0)
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16. How would you characterise the air pollution tolerance of this species?
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17. How would you characterise the soil pollution tolerance of this species?
Low
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Low (1)
Medium (0)
High (0)
Unknown (0)
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- In an enrichment planting programme in the Tin Tailings Afforestation Centre, Aquilaria malaccensis grown on greened slime tailings had a mean survival rate of 45.8%. However, the study notes that mortality was mainly due to the destruction of seedlings by wild boars. [1]
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18. Does this species have specific soil ph requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- pH 6.2-7.0 [1]
19. Does this species have specialised habitat requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Grows in low-lying areas without any specialised requirements. [1]
20. Does this species occur/survive in habitats prone to saltwater intrusion?
- Grows naturally in Port Dickson but relatively far away from the coast. None were observed in habitats prone to saltwater intrusion.
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21. Does this species occur/survive at locations that experience high temperatures?
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22. Can this species tolerate inundation for >1 month?
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23. Can this species tolerate water absence for >1 month?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
- Does well during the dry season.
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24. Can this species tolerate storm conditions (e.g., strong winds)?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
- It is a large tree, but no limb breakage has been observed. The specimens observed were not in urban areas.
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25. Does this species have specific humidity requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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26. Is this species highly prone to predation, parasitism, and/or disease?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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27. Please provide any additional information for this species in the context of climate change resilience and/or vulnerability.
-
Insufficient Data
28. Does this species have biodiversity value (e.g., provides food or habitat, or increases landscape connectivity for urban fauna)?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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29. Does this species have cultural value or provide products that are of some use to humans?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Used for religious, medicinal and aromatic purposes [1]
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Contributors: anonymous
Last Updated: 2023-03-15
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