No Data Found
Holarrhena pubescens
Bitter Oleander, Easter Tree, Jasmine Tree
Intermediate Sensitivity
| Species Name | Holarrhena pubescens |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Bitter Oleander, Easter Tree, Jasmine Tree |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Holarrhena |
| Taxonomic Synonyms/Past Names | |
| Taxonomic Notes |
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Species Information
1. Description
- Evergreen shrub to small tree up to 15 m tall. Leaves opposite. Flowers in clusters, white, 1-2 cm long, very fragrant. Fruits paired follicles, pendulous, 18-43 cm long.
2. Tree Size
Small (4-10 m)
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Small (4-10 m) (1)
Medium (10-15 m) (0)
Large (>15 m) (0)
Unknown (0)
3. Full Distribution
- Native to subcontinental India to Indochina and South China
4. Habitat and Ecology
- An understory plant of deciduous forests. Also found in montane forests.
5. Altitude (in meters)
- Elevations between 500-1000 m
6. Landscape Type
Blue-green Corridors, Small Urban Green Spaces
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Urban Streets (0)
Blue-green Corridors (1)
Small Urban Green Spaces (1)
Coastal Fronts (0)
Unknown (0)
7. IUCN Conservation Status
Least Concern
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Not Evaluated (0)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (1)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (0)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
8. Malaysian Red List from MyBIS
Not Evaluated
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Not Evaluated (1)
Not Applicable (0)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (0)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (0)
Regionally Extinct (0)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
9. Are more than 100 individuals available in local nurseries?
10. How would you characterise the growth rate of this species?
Fast
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Fast (1)
Medium (0)
Slow (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Growth is rapid, the mean annual diameter increment is 7-8 mm. [1]
11. Does this species have an invasive root system?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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12. Is this species damaging or does it have staining resin or sap?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Produces latex [1]
13. Does this species produce large and/or staining fruits?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Its fruits are a pair of follicles about 1.5 in. long. [1]
14. Does this species produce substances in its bark, leaves, fruits and/or seeds that are poisonous or harmful to humans?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- It is an important medicinal plant in the tropics [1]
15. Does this species have specific lighting requirements?
Full sun
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Full sun (1)
Partial sun & shade (0)
Full shade (0)
Partial shade (0)
Unknown (0)
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16. How would you characterise the air pollution tolerance of this species?
Low
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Low (1)
Medium (0)
High (0)
Unknown (0)
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17. How would you characterise the soil pollution tolerance of this species?
High
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Low (0)
Medium (0)
High (1)
Unknown (0)
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18. Does this species have specific soil ph requirements?
No Data Found
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19. Does this species have specialised habitat requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Grows in various habitats ranging from savannahs to areas near high-elevation watercourses. [1]
20. Does this species occur/survive in habitats prone to saltwater intrusion?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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21. Does this species occur/survive at locations that experience high temperatures?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
No Data Found
- It can survive bushfires by producing sucker shoots from the burnt stumps. [1]
No Data Found
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22. Can this species tolerate inundation for >1 month?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Occurs in areas subject to seasonal flooding. [1]
23. Can this species tolerate water absence for >1 month?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Established trees are drought tolerant. [1]
24. Can this species tolerate storm conditions (e.g., strong winds)?
No Data Found
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25. Does this species have specific humidity requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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26. Is this species highly prone to predation, parasitism, and/or disease?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- The moth Glyphodes laticostalis is a major pest of this species in India, but there are no records of it in Singapore. [1]
27. Please provide any additional information for this species in the context of climate change resilience and/or vulnerability.
-
Insufficient Data
28. Does this species have biodiversity value (e.g., provides food or habitat, or increases landscape connectivity for urban fauna)?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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29. Does this species have cultural value or provide products that are of some use to humans?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Has medicinal properties and is used to make products such as henna dye and mordant. The seed floss is stuffing for pillows. [1]
Contributors: anonymous
Last Updated: 2023-03-15
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