No Data Found
Plumeria alba
White Frangipani
Intermediate Sensitivity
| Species Name | Plumeria alba |
|---|---|
| Common Name | White Frangipani |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Plumeria |
| Taxonomic Synonyms/Past Names | |
| Taxonomic Notes |
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Species Information
1. Description
- Deciduous shrub to small tree, 2-8 m tall. Cut stem exudes white sap. Leaves strap-like, clustered at the end of branches. Flowers fragrant, white with a yellow eye.
2. Tree Size
Small (4-10 m)
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Small (4-10 m) (1)
Medium (10-15 m) (0)
Large (>15 m) (0)
Unknown (0)
3. Full Distribution
- Puerto Rico and the Lesser Antilles
4. Habitat and Ecology
- Coastal thickets and limestone forests at low elevations and lower montane areas
5. Altitude (in meters)
- Sea level up to elevations of 610 m
6. Landscape Type
Urban Streets, Small Urban Green Spaces, Coastal Fronts
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Urban Streets (1)
Blue-green Corridors (0)
Small Urban Green Spaces (1)
Coastal Fronts (1)
Unknown (0)
7. IUCN Conservation Status
Not Evaluated
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Not Evaluated (1)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (0)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (0)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
8. Malaysian Red List from MyBIS
Not Evaluated
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Not Evaluated (1)
Not Applicable (0)
Data Deficient (0)
Least Concern (0)
Near Threatened (0)
Vulnerable (0)
Endangered (0)
Critically Endangered (0)
Regionally Extinct (0)
Extinct in the Wild (0)
Extinct (0)
Unknown (0)
9. Are more than 100 individuals available in local nurseries?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
10. How would you characterise the growth rate of this species?
Slow
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Fast (0)
Medium (0)
Slow (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Its root system is small and fibrous, shallow compared to the height of the tree, and generally does not spread farther than the canopy of the tree. It has a non-invasive root system, so it can be safely grown near pipes and cables or in narrow beds. [1]
11. Does this species have an invasive root system?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Its root system is small and fibrous, shallow compared to the height of the tree, and generally does not spread farther than the canopy of the tree. It has a non-invasive root system, so it can be safely grown near pipes and cables or in narrow beds. [1]
12. Is this species damaging or does it have staining resin or sap?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Produces latex, sap [1]
13. Does this species produce large and/or staining fruits?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
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14. Does this species produce substances in its bark, leaves, fruits and/or seeds that are poisonous or harmful to humans?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- All parts of the plumeria are considered toxic, and the sap can cause a rash in sensitive people. The latex from the stem is caustic. [1]
15. Does this species have specific lighting requirements?
Full sun
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Full sun (1)
Partial sun & shade (0)
Full shade (0)
Partial shade (0)
Unknown (0)
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16. How would you characterise the air pollution tolerance of this species?
High
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Low (0)
Medium (0)
High (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Commonly planted on streets. Grows well on roadsides. [1]
17. How would you characterise the soil pollution tolerance of this species?
High
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Low (0)
Medium (0)
High (1)
Unknown (0)
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- Depends on severity [1]
18. Does this species have specific soil ph requirements?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Slightly acidic, pH of 6.4-6.8 [1]
19. Does this species have specialised habitat requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
- Does well in open or constricted spaces.
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20. Does this species occur/survive in habitats prone to saltwater intrusion?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
No Data Found
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- Inferred from habitat association. It can survive but is unlikely to thrive. [1]
21. Does this species occur/survive at locations that experience high temperatures?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
- It is heat-tolerant and thrives in tropical climates where temperatures typically range from 18 to 27 ºC.
- It is heat-tolerant and thrives in tropical climates where temperatures typically range from 18 to 27 ºC. [1]
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- It is heat-tolerant and thrives in tropical climates where temperatures typically range from 18 to 27 ºC. [2]
22. Can this species tolerate inundation for >1 month?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
- Plumerias are drought-tolerant and do not like water.
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23. Can this species tolerate water absence for >1 month?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- It is drought tolerant. [1]
24. Can this species tolerate storm conditions (e.g., strong winds)?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
- The branches are soft and brittle but usually sturdy unless mechanically hit or disturbed. Tends to lose the smaller branches, but the shape remains. The wood is hard, heavy, and tough, so it is unlikely to snap. The root system is shallow, but the tree will usually only topple due to improper planting practices.
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25. Does this species have specific humidity requirements?
No
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Yes (0)
No (1)
Unknown (0)
- Does well in Malaysia's climate.
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26. Is this species highly prone to predation, parasitism, and/or disease?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Moderately prone. Susceptible to powdery mildew if grown in crowded, high humidity, or shaded conditions. However, these relate more to forest environments rather than urban ones. They are considered unfavourable conditions and not a characteristic of the species. Black sooty mould called Coleosporium plumeriae, also known as plumeria rust or frangipani rust, attacks the young leaves. However, most trees will be five to ten years before they are planted in urban areas. [1]
27. Please provide any additional information for this species in the context of climate change resilience and/or vulnerability.
-
Insufficient Data
28. Does this species have biodiversity value (e.g., provides food or habitat, or increases landscape connectivity for urban fauna)?
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- It attracts birds [1]
29. Does this species have cultural value or provide products that are of some use to humans?
Yes
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Yes (1)
No (0)
Unknown (0)
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- Has religious significance: The flowers are considered sacred in Southeast Asia. They are used to make necklaces, decorate coffins in Cambodia, and are the national flower of Laos. Some religions use them in ritual offerings to deities. Has medicinal uses: The heart of the wood is part of a traditional medicine preparation taken as a vermifuge or laxative. [1]
Contributors: anonymous
Last Updated: 2023-03-15
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